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CAA:
Is the Civil Aviation
Authority. Government
body responsible for regulating
U.K. airlines.
Cabotage:
Is where cargo is carried
on what is essentially
a domestic flight and
therefore not subject
to international agreements
that fix set rates. Cabotage
rates are negotiable between
shipper and airline and
apply on flights within
a country and to its overseas
territories.
CAD
Can have two meanings
in the industry
CAD:
The acronym meaning "cash
against documents," a
method of payment for
goods in which documents
transferring title are
given to the buyer upon
payment of cash to an
intermediary acting for
the seller.
CAD/CAM:
Computer Aided Design/Computer
Aided Manufacturing.
Cage:
The transporting of goods
by truck to or from a
vessel, aircraft, or bonded
warehouse, all under customs
custody.
Cargo:
Is merchandise/commodities/freight
carried by means of transportation.
Cargo
Receipt: Is a
receipt of cargo for shipment
by a consolidator (used
in ocean freight).
Carnet:
A customs document permitting
the holder to carry or
send merchandise temporarily
into certain foreign countries
(for display, demonstration,
or similar purpose) without
paying duties or posting
bonds.
Carriers(s)
Containers or Shipper(s)
Containers: The
term Carrier(s) Container(s)
or Shipper(s) Container(s)
means containers over
which the carrier or the
shipper has control either
by ownership or by the
acquisition thereof under
lease or rental from container
companies or container
suppliers or from similar
sources. Carriers are
prohibited from purchasing,
leasing or renting shipper
owned containers.
Carrier,
Common: A public
or privately owned firm
or corporation that transports
the goods of others over
land, sea, or through
the air, for a stated
freight rate. By government
regulation, a common carrier
is required to carry all
goods offered if accommodations
are available and the
established rate is paid.
Cartel:
Is an association of several
independent national or
international business
organizations that regulates
competition by controlling
the prices, the production,
or the marketing of a
product or an industry.
Cash
in Advance (C.I.A.):
Payment for goods in which
the price is paid in full
before shipment is made.
This method is usually
used only for small purchases
or when the goods are
built to order.
Cash
Against Documents (CAD):
Payment for goods in which
a commission house, or
other intermediary, transfers
title documents to the
buyer upon payment in
cash.
C.C.E.F.:
Is a Customs Centralized
Examination Facility.
Certificate
of Analysis: Is
a certificate required
by some countries as proof
of the quality and composition
of food products or pharmaceuticals.
The required analysis
may be made by a private
or government health agency.
The certificate must be
legalized by a foreign
consul of the country
concerned, as is the case
with such similar certificates
as the phytosanitary certificate.
Certificate
of Inspection:
A document certifying
that the goods were in
apparent good condition
immediately prior to shipment.
Certificate
of Manufacture:
A statement in which a
producer specifies where
his goods were manufactured,
certifies that manufacturing
has been completed, and
confirms that the goods
are at the buyer's disposal.
Certificate
of Origin: A statement
signed by the exporter,
or his agent, and attested
to by a local Chamber
of Commerce, indicating
that the goods being shipped,
or a major percentage
of them, originated and
were produced in the exporter's
country.
CES:
Is a Customs Examination
Station
C&F:
Is a quoted price includes
cost of goods and freight.
C
& I: Is a
quoted price includes
cost of goods and insurance.
CFS
(Container Freight Station):
The term CFS at loading
port means the location
designated by carriers
for the receiving of cargo
to be packed into containers
by the carrier. At discharge
ports, the term CFS means
the bonded location designated
by carriers in the port
area for unpacking and
delivery of cargo.
CFS/CFS
(Pier to Pier):
The term CFS/CFS means
cargo delivered by break-bulk
to Carrier's CFS to be
packed by Carrier into
containers and to be unpacked
by Carrier from the container
at Carrier's destination
port CFS.
CFS/CY
(Pier to House):
The term CFS/CY means
cargo delivered break-bulk
to Carrier's CFS to be
packed by Carrier into
containers and accepted
by consignee at Carrier's
CY and unpacked by the
consignee off Carrier's
premises, all at consignee's
risk and expense.
CFS
CHARGE (Container Freight
Charge): The term
CFS Charge means the charge
assessed for services
performed at the loading
or discharging port in
packing or unpacking of
cargo into/from containers
at CFS.
CFS
Receiving Service:
The term "CFS Receiving
Services" means the service
performed at loading port
in receiving and packing
cargo into containers
from CFS to CY or shipside.
"CFS Receiving Services"
referred herein are restricted
to the following
- Moving
empty containers from
CY to CFS
- Drayage
of loaded containers
from CFS to CY and/or
ship's tackle
- Tallying
- Issuing
dock receipt/shipping
order
- Physical
movement of cargo into,
out of and within CFS
- Stuffing,
sealing and marking
containers
- Storage
- Ordinary
sorting and stacking
- Preparing
carrier's internal container
load plan
CIF
(cost, insurance and freight):
Seller is responsible
for inland freight, ocean/air
freight, and marine/air
insurance to the port
of final entry in the
buyer's country. The buyer
is responsible for inland
transportation to his
or her location.
Chargeable
Kilo: Rate for
goods where volume exceeds
six cubic metres to the
tonne.
Charter:
Originally meant a flight
where a shipper contracted
hire of an aircraft from
an airline. Has usually
come to mean any non-scheduled
commercial service.
Charter
Party: The contract
between the owner of a
ship and the individual
or company chartering
it. Among other specifications,
the contract usually stipulates
the exact obligations
of the ship-owner (loading
the goods, carrying the
goods to a certain point,
returning to the charterer
with other goods, etc.);
or it provides for an
outright leasing of the
vessel to the charterer,
who then is responsible
for his own loading and
delivery. In either case,
the charter party sets
forth the exact conditions
and requirements agreed
upon by both sides.
Charter
party Bill of Lading:
A bill of lading issued
under a charter party.
It is not acceptable by
banks under letters of
credit unless so authorized
in the credit.
Chassis:
A wheel assemble including
bogies constructed to
accept mounting of containers.
CIA:
The acronym meaning "cash
in advance," a method
of payment for goods whereby
buyer pays seller in advance
of shipment of goods.
C.I.F.:
Is a quoted price includes
cost of goods, insurance
and freight.
C.I.T.E.S.:
Committee on International
Trade of Endangered Species.
Class
Rates: A class
of goods or commodities
is a large grouping of
various items under one
general heading. All items
in the group make up a
class. The freight rates
that apply to all items
in the class are called
class rates.
Classification:
Is a customs term. The
placement of an item under
the correct number in
the customs tariff for
duty purposes. At times
this procedure becomes
highly complicated; it
is not uncommon for importers
to resort to litigation
over the correct duty
to be assessed by the
customs on a given item.
Claused
Bill of Lading:
Is a bill of lading which
has exemptions to the
receipt of merchandise
in "apparent good order"
noted.
Clean
Bill of Lading:
Is a bill of lading which
covers goods received
in "apparent good order
and condition" and without
qualification.
Clean
Draft: Is a draft
to which no documents
have been attached.
cm:
Centimeters
CNS:
Cargo Network Services,
an IATA company. See IATA.
Collective
Paper: All documents
(commercial invoices,
bills of lading, etc.)
submitted to a buyer for
the purpose of receiving
payment for a shipment.
Commercial
Risk: Risk carried
by the exporter (unless
insurance is secured)
that the foreign buyer
may not be able to pay
for goods delivered on
an open account basis.
Confirmed
Letter of Credit:
A letter of credit, issued
by a foreign bank, with
validity confirmed
by a U.S. bank. An exporter
who requires a confirmed
letter of credit from
the buyer is assured of
payment by the U.S. bank
even if the foreign buyer
or the foreign bank defaults.
Conference:
A group of vessel operators
joined together for the
purpose of establishing
freight rates.
- RoRo/Container
Vessel - Ship
designed to accommodate
containers and roll-on
roll-off cargo. It can
be self sustaining.
- RoRo/Container/Break-bulk
Vessel - Designated
to accommodate three
types of cargo, usually
self sustaining.
Commercial
Code: A published
code designed to reduce
the total number of words
required in a cablegram.
Commodity
Specialist: An
official authorized by
the U.S. Treasury to determine
proper tariff and value
of imported goods.
Consignee:
Person or firm to whom
goods are shipped under
a bill of landing.
Consular
Declaration: A
formal statement, made
to the consul of a foreign
country, describing goods
to be shipped.
Consular
Invoice: A document,
required by some foreign
countries, describing
a shipment of goods and
showing information such
as the consignor, consignee,
and value of the shipment.
Certified by consular
official of the foreign,
it is used by the country's
customs official to verify
the value, quantity, and
nature of the shipment.
Combi:
Is an aircraft with pallet
or container capacity
on its main deck as well
as in its belly holds.
Combination
Vessels: Container/Break-bulk
vessel - this type of
ship accommodates both
container and break-bulk
cargo. It can be either
self sustaining or non-self
sustaining.
Commercial
Invoice: An itemized
list of goods shipped,
usually included among
an exporter's collection
papers.
Common
Carrier: A firm
or individual that transports
persons or goods for compensation.
Confirmed
Letter of Credit:
A letter of credit, issued
by a foreign bank with
validity confirmed by
a U.S. bank.
Confiscation:
The taking and holding
of private property by
a government or an agency
acting for a government.
Compensation may or may
not be given to the owner
of the property.
Consignee:
The individual or company
to whom a seller or sipper
sends merchandise and
who, upon presentation
of necessary documents,
is recognized as merchandise
owner for the purpose
of declaring and paying
customs duties.
Consignee
Marks: A symbol
laced on packages for
identification purposes;
generally consisting of
a triangle, square, circle,
diamond, cross, with letters
and/or numbers as well
as port of discharge.
Consignment:
Is the physical transfer
of goods from a seller
(consignor) with whom
the title remains, to
another legal entity (consignee)
who acts as a selling
agent, selling the goods
and remitting the new
proceeds to the consignor.
Consignor:
A term used to describe
any person who consigns
goods to himself or to
another party in a bill
of lading or equivalent
document. A consignor
might be the owner of
the goods, or a freight
forwarder who consigns
goods on behalf of his
principal.
Consolidated
Shipment: An arrangement
whereby various shippers
pool their boxed goods
on the same shipment,
sharing the total weight
charge for the shipment.
Consolidator:
An agent which brings
together a number of shipments
for one destination to
qualify for preferential
airline rates.
Consortium:
The name for an agreement
under which several nations
or nationals (usually
corporations) of more
than one nation, join
together for a common
purpose. It could be for
management or exploitation
of a natural resource,
as in the case of some
international petroleum
consortiums.
Consul:
A government official
residing in a foreign
country, charged with
representing the interests
of his or her country
and its nationals.
Consular
Documents: Special
forms signed by the consul
of a country to which
cargo is destined.
Consular
Invoice: A document,
required by some foreign
countries, describing
a shipment of goods and
showing information such
as the consignor, consignee,
and value of the shipment.
Certified by a consular
official of the foreign
country, it is used by
the country's customs
officials to verify the
value, quantity and nature
of the shipment.
Container:
The term container means
a single rigid, non-disposable
dry cargo, insulated,
temperature controlled
flatrack, vehicle rack
portable liquid tank,
or open top container
without wheels or bogies
attached, having not less
than 350 cubic feet capacity,
having a closure or permanently
hinged door that allows
ready access to the cargo
(closure or permanently
hinged door not applicable
to flatrack vehicle rack
or portable liquid tank).
All types of containers
will have constructions,
fittings and fastenings
able to withstand without
permanent distortion,
all the stresses that
may be applied in normal
service use of continuous
transportation. All containers
must bear manufacturer's
specifications.
Container
Ship: Ocean going
ship designed to carry
containers both internally
and on deck. Some are
self sustaining.
Containerization:
Is a concept for the ultimate
unitizing of cargo used
by both steamship lines
and air cargo lines. Containers
allow a greater amount
of cargo protection from
weather, damage, and theft.
Containers
(Air Cargo): Many
types of air cargo containers
are offered: The containers
are designed in various
sizes and irregular shapes
to conform to the inside
dimensions of a specific
aircraft.
Containers
(Ocean): Are designed
to be moved inland on
its own chassis and can
be loaded at the shippers
plant for shipment overseas.
Basic types of containers
are; dry van, open top,
half high, hi cube, flat
rock, tank container,
refrigerated container,
insulated container, tilting
container. Average outside
dimensions are generally
20, 35, and 40 feet in
length, 8 feet wide and
8 feet high standard.
Continuous
Bond: Is an annual
customs bond insuring
compliance with all regulations
and requirements.
Contract
Rate: Is a charge
levied by carriers selling
capacity forward over
a given route to a shipper
of forwarder; the client
is therefore assured of
capacity, which must be
paid for regardless of
load carried.
Coordinating
Committee for Export Controls
(COCOM): An informal
group of 15 western countries
established to prevent
the export of certain
strategic products to
potentially hostile nations.
Correspondent
Bank: A bank that,
in its own country, handles
the business of a foreign
bank.
Countertrade:
Is a reciprocal trading
arrangement, which includes
a variety of transactions
involving two or more
parties.
Countervailing
Duties: Is a special
duties imposed on imports
to offset the benefits
of subsidies to producers
or exporters of the exporting
country.
Credit
Risk Insurance:
Insurance designed to
cover risks of nonpayment
for delivered goods.
Customs
Bonded Warehouse:
Is a warehouse where
imported goods may be
stored for a total of
three years without the
payment of duty or taxes.
Customhouse
Broker: An individual
or firm licensed to enter
and clear goods through
Customs.
Customs
Court: Is the
court to which importers
might appeal or protest
decisions made by Customs
officers.
Customs
Tariff: Is a schedule
of charges assessed by
the federal government
on imported goods.
Customs
Union: Is an agreement
between two or more countries
in which they arrange
to abolish tariffs and
other import restrictions
on each other's goods
and establish a common
tariff for the imports
of all other countries.
CWO:
The acronym meaning "cash
with order," a method
of payment for goods where
cash is paid at the time
of order and the transaction
becomes binding on both
buyer and seller.
CY
(Container Yard):
The term CY means the
location designated by
Carrier in the port terminal
area for receiving, assembling,
holding, storing and delivering
containers, and where
containers may be picked
up by shippers or re-delivered
by consignees. No container
yard (CY) shall be a shipper's,
consignee's, NVOCC's,
or a forwarder's place
of business, unless otherwise
provided.
CY/CFS
(House to Pier):
The term CY/CFS means
containers packed by shipper
of carrier's premises
and delivered by shipper
to Carrier's CY, all at
shipper's risk and expense
and unpacked by Carrier
at the destination port
CFS.
CY/CY
(House to House):
The term CY/CY means containers
packed by shipper off
Carrier's premises and
delivered by shipper to
Carrier's CY and accepted
by consignee a t Carrier's
CY and unpacked by consignee
off Carrier's premises,
all at the risk and expense
of cargo.
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